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(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 2.

L. S. GHIGHESTER.

- PULVERIZING MACHINE.

No. 295,617. Patented Mar. 25, 1884..

WITNESSES; INVENTOR FLWM.

ATTORNEY N. PEFERS. Phowmv mphnr. Walhinglon. D. e

3 Sheets Sheet 3,-

(No'ModeL) V 'L. S. GHIUHESTER.

PULVERIZING MACHINE. x No. 295,617. Patented Mar. 25, 1884.

N, PETERS. Pholo-mhogmpher, wa-mu m. 0,0.

UNITED STATES PATENT Urine-E- LEWIS S. CHICHESTER, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO 0.

I EDWARD SOHROEDER, OF SAME PLACE.

PULVERlZlNG-MACHINE...

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 295,617, dated March 25, 1884.

Application filed December 29, 1882. Renewed December 27, 1883. (N model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEwIs S. OHIoHEsrER, of Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pulverizing- Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to an improved machine for pulverizing or reducing hard sub- IO stances-such as fertilizers, minerals, cereals, and other substances-to any desired degree of fineness by the joint action of centrifugal force and of air compressed to a greater or less degree either by the action of the machine itself or. from anair-compressor independent of the machine. When hard substances are ground between moving surfaces which are arranged close to each other, such surfaces are exposed to wear, while the space required between the surfaces prevents extreme fineness of the product. When revolving beaters are used, as in attrition and other mills, the small surfaces upon which the wear is exerted are soon destroyed, while alsothe fineness of the product varies, owing to the variations in intensity of the blows, or as they occur farther from or nearer to the center of motion. In my invention centrifugal power is used as the primary agent for moving the substances to be pulverized, which is aided by the air, which is more orless compressed in the ejectors by the velocity of the disk, and also currents of air from an air-compressor when dust of superior fineness is required. For this purpose my invention consists, essentially, of a revolving disk secured to a horizontal shaft, said disk being provided at its periphery-with funnel-shaped ej ectors, through which the material to be pulverized is made 0 to pass with greatvelocity, and then impacted against the inner circumference of a fixed inclosing-case, which inner circumference is provided with projections. The material is fed to the interior of the machine by a suitable 5 I hopper and discharged from the same by means of adj ustable valves. W'hen compressed air is used, it is conducted through a channel in the hollow driving-shaft and radial conducting-tubes to an intermediate space be- .shaped e tween the ejectors and smaller interior funnels, so as to assist in the ejection of the sub stances and reduce them thereby to a higher degree of fineness than is possible without the aid of compressed air.

In the accompanying drawings, which fully illustrate my invention, Figure 1 is a vertical transverse section of my improved pulverizing-machine worked with compressed air supplied from an exterior source. Figs. 2 and 3 are side and end elevations of the machine shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a transverse section through the apparatus shown in Fig. 1,-

and Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of detachable projections f, of the casing.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A represents a vertical disk, the thickness of which decreases slightly from the center toward the circumference, and which is secured by a strong center hub, A, to ahorizontal revolving shaft, B, supported in bearings of an upright standard or standards, 0. The disk A is provided at its circumference with a number of tooth-shaped projections, a, which are concave'at one side and convex at the other side, and provided with holes for the passage of the rivets or clamping screw-bolts a, by which the funnelectors E are secured to the projections a. The ejectors E are so attached to the projections a a that the edges of their widest portions or mouths are located in radial lines drawn from the center to the inner ends of the concave edges of the projections a of the disk A. The funnelshaped ejectors E are then curved from the radial months in outward direction, and provided at the outer ends of their shorter side walls with discharge-openings e 6, so that the substances which are taken up by the ej ectors during the revolution of the disk are thrown with great velocity through the small openings 6 of the ejectors and impelled against the corrugated inner circumference of thecylindricalinclosing-casingF. These eject- 5 ors have an exterior and aninterior shell, formbolted to the peripheral flanges ing a space between them for free passage of compressed air, and are secured to the disk by means of flanges b and bolts through the holes a a. The casing F is provided with an annular bulge that corresponds to the shape of the funnel-shaped ejectors E, as shown in Fig. 1. The proj ections f of the casing F are made with inclined sides, and preferably of hardened steel, they being so arranged that when one sidewhich has been exposed to wear by impact with the materials to be pulverized-is worn out the sections can be reversed, and thereby theother side exposed to the impact of the material, whereby both sides may be fully utilized. The materials to be pulverized are fed through a hopper, F, at one or both sides of the inclosing-casing F, directly to the funnelshaped ejectors E, and are thrown by the same, as they are rotated with the disk A at a high degree of speed by centrifugal action, through the end openings, 0 6, against the reducing projections f. The gradually-diminishing width of the funnel-shaped ejectors E and the high speed at which they are rotated cause the air to be forced through with considerable pressure, which assists the action of the centrifugal force and hurls the materials with considerable force against the projections, so that they are reduced to a high degree of fineness by impact therewith. As each particle of the material is rapidly taken up and passed again and again through the ejectors, it is impacted a great number of times until the required degree of fineness is imparted, when it is drawn off through suitable discharge-openings and adjustable valves F at the lower part of the casing F, and through suitable conductors to set V tling drums or chambers, as customary in pulrequired degree of fineness.

verizing-machines. The discharge openings and valves F are arranged in both sides of the casing F, the valves being hinged at one end to the casing and arranged to open more or less, so as to assist in regulating the proper degree of fineness to which the materials are to be reduced. Thelarger the discharge-openings the greater is the degree of fineness to which the materials are reduced before they are conducted off.

When the machine is intended to be used for .pulverizing ores and other substances of a mineral nature, the force of impact that is imparted to the materials by the joint action of the centrifugal force and the velocity of the air passing through the funnel-shaped ej ectors is in most cases-sufficient to reduce them to the Whenever a greater degree of fineness is desired-ms, for instance, in pulverizing cereals or similar substancesthe joint action of the two forces described is not sufficient, and it is necessary to introduce to the interior of the machine compressed air of a suitable degree of pressure from an air-compressor of any approved construction or from any other exterior source of supply. For this purpose the compressed air is conducted from the compressing-machine to a receiver, G, at one end of the driving-shaft B, then through a central channel, g, of the same and through radial perforations of the shaft 13 into an annular space, 9, in the hub A of the disk A, and from said annular space 9, by radial conducting-tubes g g at both sides of the disk A, to the base of the ejector E, where the air is delivered into anarrow space formed between the outer shell of the ejector E, of corresponding shape, the terminal opening of which is at a short distance from the discharge-opening of the outer shell, E, while the mouth of the same is secured by an eXterior overlapping flange to the mouth of the outer shell, as shown clearly in detail in Fig.

4. In this case the compressed air supplied from the air-compressor to the space between the inner and outer shells of the ej ectors throws the material, which is conducted along the interior shell, E, into the path of the compressed air, with highly-increased force against the small projections at the inner circumference of the casing F. The force of the compressed air is thus employed jointly with the action of centrifugal power for the reduction of the materials, which can thereby be pulverized to any desired degree of fineness in an effective and economical manner.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The combination of an inclosing-casing, means forsupplying the materials, means for discharging them when pulverized, a revolv ing disk having curved funnel-shaped ej ectors applied thereto, composed of inner and outer shells of corresponding shapes, with air-spaces between them, and means whereby compressed air is conducted to said spaces between the outer and inner shells of the ejectors, substantially as described.

2. A pulverizing-machine having a horizontal rotary shaft provided with a longitudinal ICC air-channel, an air-receiver connected to the end of said shaft, a disk having an annular space in its hub, radial air-conducting tubes projecting from said annular spaces, ejectors composed of inner and outer shells, having air-spaces between them connected with said air-tubes, whereby currents of compressed air 1 are made to impinge currents of dust and air at the discharge-orifices of the ejectors, and a rim or casing surrounding said disk, substantially as described.

3. Apulverizing-machine having a rotary disk, an inclosing-casing provided with'projections on its inner circumference, means for admitting and means for discharging the material, an ejector composed of an outer and an inner shell, which form an air-channel between them, a compressed-air receiver, and means for conducting air from said receiver to and I through the air-channel of the ejector, whereby the compressed air is made to impinge a current of mingled air and dust which passes through the inner channel of the ejector and against the projections, substantially as described.

4. A pulverizing machine, including the casing, having a horizontal rotary shaft provided with a longitudinal air-channel, an airreceiver at one end of the shaft, a disk having an annular space in its hub, radial air-conducting tubes projecting from said annular space, ejectors composed of outer and inner shells, forming an airchannel between them, and flanges b, provided with bolt-holes,substantially as described.

5. In a pulverizing-machine, an ejector composed of an inner and an outer shell, with an airchannel between them, said ejector having a funnel-shaped mouth and a dischargenozzle at an anglethereto, the outer shell being provided near the mouth on the side opposite the nozzle with a tube adapted to connect with an airpipe, substantially as described.

6. In a pulverizing-machine, an ejector having a funnel-shaped mouth and aflischargenozzle at an angle thereto, composed of an innerwand an outer shell, with an air-space between them the outer shell being constructed with a flange whereby the device may be attached to the disk, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signedmy name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' Lewis s. OHIOHESTER.

\Vitnesses:

PAUL GoEPEL, SIDNEY MANN. 

